When the earth formed there was a large quantity of carbon in the atmosphere, hence this stimulates plant growth which will sequestrate carbon via photosynthesis in the long term. This process releases water and oxygen as a by product, which formed our oceans. For instance, an increase in the magnitude of carbon in the atmosphere, will cause it to rise into the stratosphere to reflect incoming solar radiation. This will lead to some solar radiation to be trapped, resulting in higher temperatures. This will lead to the formation of culiminus clouds, which will reflect energy back into space resulting in cooler temperatures.
Feedback in the water and carbon cycle
Positive feedback water cycle- an increase in temperatures will lead to an increase in the melting of the polar icecaps leading to a decrease in the size of the albedo surfaces. As a result, the incoming solar radiation wont be able to reflected away by the ice and instead absorbed by the earth. Resulting in higher temperatures.
Negative feedback water cycle- an increase in temperatuers will lrad to an increase in the rate of evaporation leading to an increase in the level of water vapour in the atmosphere. Due to cooler temperatures the vapour will condense leading to the formation of culminus clouds which will reflect incoming solar radiation leading to cooler temperatures.
Positive feedback carbon cycle- an increase in the level of carbon in the atmosphere will lead to higher temperatures as solar radiation is trapped leading to an increase in the melting of the polar ice caps and tundra. Hence, will release any stored carbon into the atmosphere resulting in an increase in the magnitude of carbon in the atmosphere.
Negative feedback carbon cycle- an increase in the store of carbon in the atmosphere will in the long term stimulate plant growth leading to an increase in the size of the vegetation cover which will be able to sequestrate more carbon replacing it with oxygen. As a result a decrease in the magnitude of carbon in the atmosphere.