- Flows of people- one way this exogenous factor can affect economic characteristics is through the gentrification it leads to. This is when wealthy individuals move into a deprived area like Brixton, South London, which attracts inward investment. Therefore, property values appreciates like in Brixton and warehouse prices are on average £800,000.
- Flows of people- another way people can impact culture of a place on a local scale is when immigrants move 2 people from their areas. This could be evidenced in Brick Lane, where Bangladeshi immigrants who brought along their traditions and cultures (flows of ideas) into the area, turning the local of the area into a curry capital.
- Flows of money- the new deal for community project from Tony Blair at Devonport led to increased funding in education. Therefore, Amor educated workforce had attracted flows of capital from tncs looking to take advantage of this. Many of these jobs are tech-based roles, helps attracts young people from outside of the area which can alter the demographics of Devonport.
- Flows of ideas- as part of the regeneration of Devonport, saw the local council hire A place marketing team, he wanted to create a new identity for Devonport, turning the place into a luxury seaside resort. Therefore, in subsequent implementation led to inward flows of affluent people, so altering the demographics and economic characteristics of Devonport.
- Flows of capital- regeneration investment from the Birmingham council into the Birmingham mint factory, led to the factory being converted into trendy apartments, warehouses into restaurants and the canal cleaned up and now lined with bars and pubs. This attracted young professionals into the area changing the demographics and culture because it’s a local is now a hub for nightlife.
On a regional scale, Trafalgar Square was historically celebrated for Admiral Lord Nelson’s victory against the Spanish Armada. Therefore, became a place where national victories are celebrated, hence the past connexion to patriotism, has influenced present meaning where its physical location of the government power.
On an international scale, Berlin was the central points in the past where the divide between communism and capitalist ideologies, hence due to the past connection has an important meaning to all people in the city.
